WVU Libraries: Appalachian Bibliography

Economic Conditions, Economic Development, Economic Policy, Poverty

Allen-Smith, Joyce E., Ronald C. Wimberley, and Libby V. Morris. 2000. “ America’s Forgotten People and Places: Ending the Legacy of Poverty in the Rural South” [ Appalachia; Miss. Delta; and Black Belt]. Journal of Agricultural and Applied Economics 32 (August): 319-329.

Analysis of Global Competitiveness of Selected Industries and Clusters in the Appalachian Region [maps, tables, charts]. 2004. Prepared by Jack Faucett Associates, and Economic Development Research Group. Transportation and Trade Studies of the Appalachian Region, no. 1. Washington, D.C.: Appalachian Regional Commission, Online Resource Center. 180 pp. http://arc.gov/index.do?nodeId=2583.

Anderson, Cynthia D., Michael D. Schulman, and Philip Wood. 2003. “Place, Race, and State: Sustaining the Textile Security Zone in a Changing Southern Labor Market.” In Communities of Work: Rural Restructuring in Local and Global Contexts, eds. W. Falk, M. Schulman, and A. Tickamyer, 31-54. Athens: Ohio University Press.

Anglin, Mary K. 2002. Lessons from Appalachia in the 20 th Century: Poverty, Power, and the ‘Grassroots’” [ Ky., Va., N.C.]. American Anthropologist 104 (June): 565-582.

Appalachian Entrepreneurs and Innovators. 1995. Special issue. Now and Then: The Appalachian Magazine 12 (Winter): 1-40.

Appalachian Journal Roundtable Discussion: Robert S. Weise’s Grasping at Independence: Debt, Male Authority, and Mineral Rights in Appalachian Kentucky, 1850-1915 ( University of Tennessee Press, 2001). 2002. Compiled with assistance from Paul Salstrom, with contributions by John Hennen, Shaunna L. Scott, Altina Waller, Dwight B. Billings, with a response from Robert S. Weise. Appalachian Journal 30 (Fall): 76-113.

Appalachian Regional Commission. 1994. General Economic Indicators: Appalachia and United States, 1965- : Latest Data Available. Washington, D.C.: The Commission. 1 volume (various pagings).

Appalachian Visions: How the Region Sees Its Future. 1996. Special issue. Now and Then: The Appalachian Magazine 13 (Summer): 1-48.

Auletta, Ken. 1999 [1982]. “ Appalachia: The White Underclass.” Chap. 12 in The Underclass. Reprint. Woodstock, N.Y.: Overlook Press. Originally published, New York: Random House.

Bagi, Faqir S., Richard J. Reeder, and Samuel D. Calhoun. 1999. “Federal Funding’s Unique Role in Appalachia” [underfunding]. Rural Development Perspectives 14 (May): 14-21.

Bailey, Jason. 1998. “Cracks in the Pavement” [ Tenn.; critical of proposed highway connecting Tri-Cities Regional Airport with Pigeon Forge/Gatlinburg]. Appalachian Heritage 26 (Summer): 31-34.

Baker, Alyson. 2002. “The Flanary & Co. Store: A Century of Connections between Southern Appalachia and the Wider World” [Wise, Va.; Carl A. Ross Appalachian Undergraduate Student Paper Award for 2002]. Journal of Appalachian Studies 8 (Fall): 421-430.

Baldwin, Fred D. 1996. “ Appalachia's Distressed Counties: Catching Up and Ready to Grow.” [Pike and Martin Counties, Ky.] Appalachia: Journal of the Appalachian Regional Commission 29 (January-April): 4-13.

Baldwin, Fred D. 1997. “ Alabama’s ‘Waste Not, Want Not’ Help to Small Business” [WRATT Foundation]. Appalachia: Journal of the Appalachian Regional Commission 30 (May-August): 14-17.

Baldwin, Fred D. 1997. “Going for the Goals” [ Va.’s New River Valley Planning District]. Appalachia: Journal of the Appalachian Regional Commission 30 (Sept.-Dec.): 14-19.

Baldwin, Fred D. 1997. “Planning Means Business” [ Tupelo and Lee Co., Miss.]. Appalachia: Journal of the Appalachian Regional Commission 30 (Sept.-Dec.): 32-35.

Baldwin, Fred D. 1997. “Small is BIG Business in Eastern Tennessee” [Tennessee Small Business Development Center (TSBDC)]. Appalachia: Journal of the Appalachian Regional Commission 30 (May-August): 6-13.

Baldwin, Fred D. 1997. “The Power of Vision: Making the Strategic Plan Come Alive” [local development districts in Northwest Pa. and Western N.C.]. Appalachia: Journal of the Appalachian Regional Commission 30 (Sept.-Dec.): 6-13.

Baldwin, Fred D. 1997. “Vision and Involvement: Empowered Communities” [four community economic development projects in S.C., Ky., Va., and Miss.]. Appalachia: Journal of the Appalachian Regional Commission 30 (Jan.-Apr.): 6-13.

Baldwin, Fred D. 1997. “WINGS: Women Entrepreneurs Take Flight” [Women’ Initiative Networking Groups (WINGS); Ky.]. Appalachia: Journal of the Appalachian Regional Commission 30 (May-August): 30-35.

Baldwin, Fred D. 1998. “A Tale of Two Water Systems” [ Amonate, Va.; Bishop, W.Va.]. Appalachia: Journal of the Appalachian Regional Commission 31 (May-August): 32-35.

Baldwin, Fred D. 1998. “Growing Your Own” [Greene Co., Pa., small business development]. Appalachia: Journal of the Appalachian Regional Commission 31 (May-August): 22-25.

Baldwin, Fred D. 1998. “Handmade Communities” [N.C.’s Rural Small Town Revitalization Project]. Appalachia: Journal of the Appalachian Regional Commission 31 (May-August): 26-31.

Baldwin, Fred D. 1998. “Once Distressed, Jackson County Moves On” [N.C.]. Appalachia: Journal of the Appalachian Regional Commission 31 (September-December): 4-9.

Baldwin, Fred D. 1998. “Reskilling the Workplace” [ Ohio Industrial Training Program]. Appalachia: Journal of the Appalachian Regional Commission 31 (May-August): 14-19.

Baldwin, Fred D. 1998. “Supplying the Demand for Training” [Northeastern Pennsylvania Industrial Resource Center]. Appalachia: Journal of the Appalachian Regional Commission 31 (January-April): 4-13.

Baldwin, Fred D. 1998. “The Town That Helped Itself — To Water” [ Smith Ridge, Va., water system financing assistance]. Appalachia: Journal of the Appalachian Regional Commission 31 (September-December): 34-39.

Baldwin, Fred D. 1998. “Visionary Gene L. MacDonald” [ Ohio; profiles Whisman-award-winning president of a local development district]. Appalachia: Journal of the Appalachian Regional Commission 31 (May-August): 36-37.

Baldwin, Fred D. 1999. “A Factory Without Walls: Microbusinesses in Appalachia” [Garrett Co., Md.]. Appalachia: Journal of the Appalachian Regional Commission 32 (September-December): 2-7.

Baldwin, Fred D. 1999. “Balancing Growth and Preservation” [ S.C. Highway 11: Cherokee Foothills Scenic Highway Corridor Management Plan]. Appalachia: Journal of the Appalachian Regional Commission 32 (May-August): 22-26.

Baldwin, Fred D. 1999. “Conference Highlights: Ideas That Work” [ARC fall conference goals, Wheeling, W.Va., October 12-13]. Appalachia: Journal of the Appalachian Regional Commission 32 (September-December): 12-21.

Baldwin, Fred D. 1999. “The Process for Change” [Appalachian Community Learning Project; Ala., Tenn., Ohio, W.Va.]. Appalachia: Journal of the Appalachian Regional Commission 32 (January-April): 18-23.

Baldwin, Fred D. 2000. “Building for the Future” [investing in infrastructure: Tishomingo Co., Miss., and Muskingum Co., Ohio]. Appalachia: Journal of the Appalachian Regional Commission 33 (January-April): 8-13.

Baldwin, Fred D. 2000. “Infrastructure: Foundation for Development” [public investments leverage private]. Appalachia: Journal of the Appalachian Regional Commission 33 (May-August): 2-7.

Baldwin, Fred D. 2000. “ Kentucky’s Blueprint for Home Ownership” [advocacy and assistance for affordable housing]. Appalachia: Journal of the Appalachian Regional Commission 33 (September-December): 2-9.

Baldwin, Fred D. 2000. “Launching Technology Jobs” [ Tenn.; Technology 2020 public-private partnership]. Appalachia: Journal of the Appalachian Regional Commission 33 (January-April): 22-27.

Baldwin, Fred D. 2000. “Tools for Entrepreneurship” [highlights of ARC-sponsored conference, September 18-19, Clermont Co., Ohio]. Appalachia: Journal of the Appalachian Regional Commission 33 (September-December): 16-23.

Baldwin, Fred D. 2001. “Building Clusters: Building on Local Strengths” [ Pa.’s wood-related businesses initiative]. Appalachia: Journal of the Appalachian Regional Commission 34 (September-December): 2-9.

Baldwin, Fred D. 2001. “Developing Three-Star Communities” [ Tenn.’s Three-Star program for community development; Campbell and Jefferson Cos.]. Appalachia: Journal of the Appalachian Regional Commission 34 (May-August): 30-33.

Baldwin, Fred D. 2003. “Conference Report: Telecommunications and the Future of Appalachian Communities” [ARC, fall 2003, Abingdon, Va.]. Appalachia: Journal of the Appalachian Regional Commission 36 (July-December): 2-7. Appended overview of 25 concurrent sessions, “Best Practices,” 8-13.

Baldwin, Fred D. 2003. “Creating Opportunity through Information Technology” [ Blue Ridge Business Development Center, Sparta, N.C.]. Appalachia: Journal of the Appalachian Regional Commission 36 (July-December): 14-19.

Baldwin, Fred D. 2003. “Investing in a High-Tech Future” [ West Virginia High Technology Consortium Foundation, Fairmont, W.Va.]. Appalachia: Journal of the Appalachian Regional Commission 36 (January-June): 27-31.

Baldwin, Fred D.; photography by Ann Hawthorne and Ken Murray. 1996. "Appalachian Highways: Almost Home but a Long Way to Go." [3,025 mile Appalachian Development Highway System] Appalachia: Journal of the Appalachian Regional Commission 29 (May-August): 4-13.

Baldwin, Fred. 2002. “‘Serious Business’: Teaching Entrepreneurship Skills to Youths” [Hale Co., Ala.]. Appalachia: Journal of the Appalachian Regional Commission 34 (January-December): 10-15.

Baldwin, Fred. 2002. “Creating Opportunities: Tennessee’s Southeast Regional Skills Center” [Marion Co.]. Appalachia: Journal of the Appalachian Regional Commission 34 (January-December): 22-27.

Baldwin, Fred. 2002. “The New Appalachia: Capacity and Collaboration” [ARC conference, Prestonburg, Ky., Nov. 7-8, 2001]. Appalachia: Journal of the Appalachian Regional Commission 34 (January-December): 2-9.

Barker, Garry. 1999. “‘Our Contemporary Ancestors’ Discovered (Again)” [federal help and national attention per 1890s and 1960s]. Appalachian Heritage 27 (Summer): 10-11.

Benhart, John, Jr. 2000. “Applying GIS to Historical Geographical Analysis: Reconstructing an Urban Place from the Past” [ Harriman, Tenn.; regional development, 1860-1900; maps]. Pennsylvania Geographer 37 (Spring/Summer): 76-99.

Bickel, Robert, and Meghan McDonough. 1997. “Opportunity, Community, and Reckless Lives: Social Distress Among Adolescents in West Virginia” [as a response to socioeconomic, not cultural/fatalistic, conditions]. Journal of Social Distress and the Homeless 6 (January): 29-44.

Billings , Dwight B., and Kathleen M. Blee. 2000. The Road to Poverty: The Making of Wealth and Inequality in Appalachia [Clay Co., Ky.; longitudinal study; Weatherford Award winner]. New York: Cambridge University Press. 520 pp.

Billings , Dwight B., and Kathleen M. Blee. 2004. “Social Origins of Appalachian Poverty: Markets, Cultural Strategies, and the State in an Appalachian Kentucky Community, 1804-1940” [Beech Creek study; Clay Co.]. Rethinking Marxism 16 (January): 19-36.

Bishops Speak Out on Behalf of Appalachia. 1996. [reviews a 73-page pastoral message from 25 bishops] Christian Century 113 (January 3-10): 6.

Black, Dan A., and Seth G. Sanders. 2004. “Labor Market Performance, Poverty, and Income Inequality in Appalachia” [distressed counties, 1990-2000; maps, tables]. Demographic and Socioeconomic Change in Appalachia. Washington, D.C.: Appalachian Regional Commission, Online Resource Center. 60 pp. http://arc.gov/index.do?nodeId=2460.

Bohland, James, and Anita Puckett. 2000. “Decline of Space, The Ascent of Place: Internet Technology in Appalachia.” In A Geographic Perspective of Pittsburgh and the Alleghenies: From Precambrian to Post-Industrial, eds. K. Patrick and J. Scarpaci, 182-188. Washington, D.C.: Association of American Geographers.

Bukenya, James O., Tesfa G. Gebremedhin, and Peter V. Schaeffer. 2003. “Analysis of Quality of Life and Rural Development: Evidence from West Virginia Data.” Growth and Change 34 (Spring): 202-218.

Cahill, Kevin J. 1998. “Fertilizing the Weeds: The Rural Rehabilitation Program in West Virginia” [Depression-era; standard loan program’s mixed results]. Journal of Appalachian Studies 4 (Fall): 285-297.

Calzonetti, Frank J., T. Allison, and Jay Gatrell. 1999. “Science and Technology Capability and Economic Development in Lagging States: The Case of West Virginia Manufacturing.” Southeastern Geographer 39 (May): 22-45.

Casto, James E. 1998. “A Caring Company” [Ritchie Co., W.Va.; corporate citizenship]. Appalachia: Journal of the Appalachian Regional Commission 31 (May-August): 26-29.

Casto, James E. 1999. “Special Report: President Clinton Visits Appalachia” [Jackson Co. and Hazard, Ky.]. Appalachia: Journal of the Appalachian Regional Commission 32 (May-August): 2-7.

Casto, James E. 2000. “Learning Skills, Building Futures” [Fayette Co., W.Va.; unemployed youth build houses]. Appalachia: Journal of the Appalachian Regional Commission 33 (September-December): 10-15.

Casto, James E. 2001. “Targeting Resources for Local Growth” [ Kentucky Appalachian Community Development Initiative]. Appalachia: Journal of the Appalachian Regional Commission 34 (May-August): 28-32.

Casto, James E.; photography by Ann Hawthorne. 1996. " West Virginia's Corridor L Opens the Door to Tourists." [new 70-mile north/south highway in Central W.Va.] Appalachia: Journal of the Appalachian Regional Commission 29 (May-August): 14-19.

Caudill, Harry. 2001 [1963]. Night Comes to the Cumberlands. Reprint, with an afterword by James K. Caudill. Ashland, Ky.: Jesse Stuart Foundation. 404 pp. Originally published, Boston: Little, Brown.

Chiang, Elizabeth. 2004. “The Great Storm That Swept Through: The Effects of Globalization on Indiana County” [1980s deindustrialization and colonization]. Pennsylvania History 71 (Spring): 165-190.

Cho, Seong-Hoon, David H. Newman, and David N. Wear. 2003. “Impacts of Second Home Development on Housing Prices in the Southern Appalachian Highlands.” Review of Urban and Regional Development Studies 15 (November): 208-225.

Cirillo, Marie. 2002. “From the Ground Up: The Community-Building of Marie Cirillo” [activist, ex-Glenmary Sister; Clearfork Valley, Campbell Co., Tenn.]. An Interview by Caroline E. Knight, Sarah Poteete, Amy Sparrow, and Jessica C. Wrye [conducted Sept. 25, 2001, Boone, N.C.]. Appalachian Journal 30 (Fall): 30-56.

Colias, Christopher. 2002. “Almost Heaven Still? Post-Industrial Development and Local Response in Fayette County, West Virginia” [New River Gorge area]. Journal of Appalachian Studies 8 (Spring): 91-119.

Collins, Timothy, Ronald D. Eller, and Glen Edward Taul. KRADD: Historic Trends and Geographic Patterns. [Kentucky River Area Development District] 1996. Lexington: University of Kentucky Appalachian Center. 58 pp.

Communities of Hope: Preparing for the Future in Appalachian Kentucky: Report of the Kentucky Appalachian Task Force . 1995. Lexington: University of Kentucky Appalachian Center. 96 pp.

Cook, Samuel R. 1998. “The Great Depression, Subsistence, and Views of Poverty in Wyoming County, West Virginia.” Journal of Appalachian Studies 4 (Fall): 271-283.

Costa, Tom. 1995. “Connecting Appalachia: A Survey of Recent Work in Early American History With Reference to Southern Appalachia.” In Appalachia and the Politics of Culture, ed. E. C. Fine. Journal of the Appalachian Studies Association 7: 67-78. Johnson City: East Tennessee State University, Center for Appalachian Studies and Services.

Couto, Richard A. 1995. "The Spatial Distribution of Wealth and Poverty in Appalachia." Journal of Appalachian Studies 1 (Fall): 99-120.

Couto, Richard A. 1999. Making Democracy Work Better: Mediating Structures, Social Capital, and the Democratic Prospect [negative effects of 1980s market capitalism in Appalachia]. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press. 336 pp.

Couto, Richard A. 2004. “Appalachia and Market Economics: The Invisible Hand and Its Powerful Arm” [Conclusion to Special Issue, “Appalachian Counts: The Region in the 2000 Census”]. Journal of Appalachian Studies 10, no. 3: 407-420.

Couto, Richard. 1994. An American Challenge: A Report on Economic Trends and Social Issues in Appalachia. Report issued by the Commission of Religion in Appalachia. Dubuque, IA: Kendall/Hunt. 291 pp.

Dewees, Sarah, Linda Lobao, and Louis E. Swanson. 2003. “Local Economic Development in an Age of Devolution: The Question of Rural Localities” [Ohio River Valley Region; tables]. Rural Sociology 68 (June): 182-206.

Dilger, Robert Jay, et al. 2004. Welfare Reform in West Virginia [1996 welfare reform law outcomes]. Contributors: Robert Jay Dilger, Eleanor H. Blakely, Melissa Latimer, Barry L. Locke, F. Carson Mencken, L. Christopher Plein, Lucinda A. Potter, and David Williams. Morgantown: West Virginia University Press. 326 pp.

Dobkins, Linda Harris. 2000. “Economic Prospects in Appalachian Virginia: A Comparative Analysis of Employment Specialization” [1947-1995; tables]. Journal of Appalachian Studies 6 nos. 1-2 (Spring/Fall): 131-150.

Dunaway, Wilma A. 1999. “Crisis, Transition, and Resistance Movements: A Conversation with Immanuel Wallerstein” [interview; comparison with Myles Horton and Paulo Freire]. Appalachian Journal 26 (Spring): 284-305.

Duncan, Cynthia M. 1999. Worlds Apart: Why Poverty Persists in Rural America [case studies: Ky. (Harlan Co.?), Miss., N.H.]. Foreword by Robert Coles. New Haven: Yale University Press. 325 pp.

Duncan, Cynthia M. 2001. “Civic Life in Gray Mountain: Sizing Up the Legacy of New England’s Blue-Collar Middle Class” [incl. an Appalachian coal county and Miss. Delta plantation; 350 interviews]. Journal of Socio-Economics 30 (no. 2): 133-137.

Duncan, Cynthia M. 2001. “Social Capital in America’s Poor Rural Communities” [Appalachia and Miss. Delta]. In Social Capital and Poor Communities, eds. S. Saegert, J. Thompson, and M. Warren, 60-86. New York: Russell Sage Foundation.

Eelman, Bruce W. 2004. “Entrepreneurs in the Southern Upcountry: The Case of Spartanburg, South Carolina, 1815-1880.” Enterprise & Society 5 (March): 77-106.

Eller, Ron. 1997. Conversation on Distressed Counties [interview with Ron Eller, Amy K. Glasmeier, and Greg Bischak; 108 of Appalachia’s 406 counties are classified as distressed]. Appalachia: Journal of the Appalachian Regional Commission 31 (September-December): 10-17.

Eller, Ronald D. 1994. Kentucky's Distressed Communities: A Report on Poverty in Appalachian Kentucky, by Ronald D. Eller with others. Lexington: University of Kentucky, Appalachian Center. 48 pp., plus appendices A-D.

Eller, Ronald D. 2004. “Modernization, 1940-2000.” In High Mountains Rising: Appalachia in Time and Place, eds. R. Straw and H. Blethen, 197-219. Urbana: University of Illinois Press.

Feser, Edward, and Harvey Goldstein. 2002. Regional Technology Assets and Opportunities: The Geographic Clustering of High-Tech Industry, Science and Innovation in Appalachia [tables, figures, maps; title page title: Technology Clusters in Appalachia]. Report prepared for the Appalachian Regional Commission by Edward Feser and Harvey Goldstein, principal investigators; Henry Renski and Catherine Renault, research assistants. Chapel Hill, N.C.: Office of Economic Development, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. 132 pp.

Fisher, Steve. 2000. “Grassroots Rule: Richard Couto on the Democratic Prospect for Appalachia” [review essay of Making Democracy Work Better: Mediating Structures, Social Capital, and the Democratic Prospect, by Richard Couto (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1999)]. Appalachian Journal 27 (Summer): 368-376.

Flynt, Wayne. 2002 [1989]. Poor but Proud: Alabama’s Poor Whites [1865-1930s; award-winning study]. Reprint. Tuscaloosa: University of Alabama Press. 469 pp.

Fritsch, Al, and Kristin Johannsen. 2004. Ecotourism in Appalachia: Marketing the Mountains [benefits, pitfalls, criteria]. Lexington: University Press of Kentucky. 320 pp.

Gatrell, Jay D., and Frank J. Calzonetti. 2003. “Growing Competitiveness in Appalachia: Strategic Science & Technology Planning in West Virginia” [clustering technology development; federal support; tables, maps]. Journal of Appalachian Studies 9 (Fall): 283-320.

Gilliom, John. 1997. “Everyday Surveillance, Everyday Resistance: Computer Monitoring in the Lives of the Appalachian Poor” [48 Ohio welfare mothers]. Studies in Law, Politics, and Society 16: 275-297.

Glen, John M. 1995. "The War on Poverty in Appalachia: Oral History from the 'Top Down' and the 'Bottom Up.'" Oral History Review 22 (Summer): 67-93.

Gilliom, John. 2001. Overseers of the Poor: Surveillance, Resistance, and the Limits of Privacy [welfare mothers; Ohio]. Chicago Series in Law and Society. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. 262 pp.

Glasmeier, Amy K., and Tracey L. Farrigan. 2003. “Poverty, Sustainability, and the Culture of Despair: Can Sustainable Development Strategies Support Poverty Alleviation in America's Most Environmentally Challenged Communities?” [Appalachia]. Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science 590 (November): 131-149.

Gold & Green: Together Again [“study ranks states on 20 ‘gold’ economic and 20 ‘green’ environmental indicators to provide a telling snapshot that diffuses the ‘jobs versus the environment’ myth”]. Special report from the Institute for Southern Studies. Southern Exposure 29: 3-5. Online at http://216.22.129.158.

Goode, James B. 1996. "The Kentucky Appalachian Task Force: Re-Democratization of Appalachia." [Communities of Hope final report, and time line] Appalachian Heritage 24 (Fall): 36-48.

Graham, Julie, Stephen Healy, and Kenneth Byrne. 2002. “Constructing the Community Economy: Civic Professionalism and the Politics of Sustainable Regions” [with comments on “Appalachia as a Global Region: Toward Critical Regionalism and Civic Professionalism” by Herbert Reid and Betsy Taylor, Journal of Appalachian Studies 8 (Spring 2002): 9-32]. Journal of Appalachian Studies 8 (Spring 2002): 50-61.

Green, Jordan. 1997. “Marijuana Is a Major Kentucky Cash Crop, But Who Profits?” Southern Exposure 25 (Spring/Summer): 4-5.

Hammer, Roger, Robin Blakely, and Paul Voss. 2003. “The Effects of Integrating the U.S. Census Bureau’s Small Area Income and Poverty Estimates into the Appalachian Regional Commission’s Designation of Economically Distressed Counties.” Economic Development Quarterly 17 (May): 165-174.

Hartshorn, Truman A., and Susan M. Walcott. 2000. “The Three Georgias: Emerging Realignments at the Dawn of the New Millennium” [economic growth; rural poverty; county outline maps]. Southeastern Geographer 40 (November): 127-150.

Haynes, Ada F. 1997. Poverty in Central Appalachia: Underdevelopment and Exploitation. Garland Studies in the History of American Labor. New York: Garland. 225 pp.

Hennen, John C. 1996. The Americanization of West Virginia: Creating a Modern Industrial State, 1916-1925. Lexington: University Press of Kentucky. 217 pp.

Hinsdale, Mary Ann, Helen Lewis, and Maxine Waller. 1995. It Comes From the People: Community Development and Local Theology. Philadelphia: Temple University Press. 400 pp.

Hipple, F. Steb, and Douglas P. Dotterweich. 1997. “The Sources of Income Growth in the New River Valley” [N.C., Va., W.Va.; since 1970s]. In Proceedings, New River Symposium, April 11-12, 1997, Glade Springs Resort, Daniels, West Virginia, 59-66. Glen Jean, W.Va.: National Park Service.

Hoffman, Carl. 1998. “Bringing High Tech Home” [Galax, Va.; Printed Circuit Solutions Manufacturing, Inc.]. Appalachia: Journal of the Appalachian Regional Commission 31 (May-August): 38-44.

Hoffman, Carl. 1998. “Going Global Pays Off” [Alabama International Trade Center]. Appalachia: Journal of the Appalachian Regional Commission 31 (May-August): 20-25.

Hoffman, Carl. 1998. “Hammering Home Skills” [Va.; job training in housing rehabilitation]. Appalachia: Journal of the Appalachian Regional Commission 31 (September-December): 18-21.

Hoffman, Carl. 1998. “North Carolina Connects” [computer network connects 12 child-care centers in four N.C. counties]. Appalachia: Journal of the Appalachian Regional Commission 31 (May-August): 30-35.

Hoffman, Carl. 1999. “BIC Makes It Happen” [Business Innovation Center; small business growth, Tompkins Co., N.Y.]. Appalachia: Journal of the Appalachian Regional Commission 32 (January-April): 24-29.

Hoffman, Carl. 1999. “Starting with the Business Basics” [Va.; small business loans]. Appalachia: Journal of the Appalachian Regional Commission 32 (September-December): 8-11.

Hoffman, Carl. 2000. “Mining Fresh Water for Aquaculture” [Mingo Co., W.Va.; utilizing coal mine water discharge for fish farming]. Appalachia: Journal of the Appalachian Regional Commission 33 (May-August): 20-25.

Hoffman, Carl. 2001. “Bringing a Community Online” [Marietta, Washington Co., Ohio ISP]. Appalachia: Journal of the Appalachian Regional Commission 34 (May-August): 22-27.

Hoffman, Carl. 2001. “Providing a Home for Start-Ups” [Ala.; Shoals Entrepreneurial Center]. Appalachia: Journal of the Appalachian Regional Commission 34 (January-April): 16-21.

Hoffman, Carl. 2003. “A Voice for Appalachia” [Dave Lollis; Ky.-based community corporation for affordable loans]. Appalachia: Journal of the Appalachian Regional Commission 36 (January-June): 32-37.

Hoffman, Carl. 2003. “Hands-on Training for Community Leadership” [Brushy Fork Leadership Development Program, outreach arm of Berea College]. Appalachia: Journal of the Appalachian Regional Commission 36 (July-December): 32-36.

Hoffman, Carl. 2003. “Shoals Commercial Culinary Center: Helping Specialty Food Businesses Take Off” [Florence, Ala.]. Appalachia: Journal of the Appalachian Regional Commission 36 (July-December): 26-31.

Howard, Patricia Brake. 1998. “Tennessee in War and Peace: The Impact of World War II on State Economic Trends.” In Tennessee History: The Land, The People, and the Culture, ed. C. Van West, 413-435. Knoxville: University of Tennessee Press.

Hunter, Elizabeth. 1997. “Sustaining the Harvest” [Clinch Powell Sustainable Development Initiative (CPSDI); Scott Co., Va., and Hancock Co., Tenn.]. Appalachia: Journal of the Appalachian Regional Commission 30 (May-August): 24-29.

Isserman, Andrew, and Terance Rephann. 1995. "The Economic Effects of the Appalachian Regional Commission: An Empirical Assessment of 26 Years of Regional Development Planning." Journal of the American Planning Association 61 (Summer): 345-364.

Isserman, Andrew M. 1997. “Appalachia Then and Now: An Update of “The Realities of Deprivation” Report to the President in 1964" [excerpt from “A Socioeconomic Review of Appalachia”: A Report Prepared for the Appalachian Regional Commission].Journal of Appalachian Studies 3 (Spring): 43-69. [maps, pp. 62-69]

Jensen, J. Bradford, and Amy K. Glasmeier. 2001. “Restructuring Appalachian Manufacturing in 1963-1992: The Role of Branch Plants.” Growth and Change 32 (Spring): 251-282.

Keith, Bruce, and Ronald Althouse, eds. 1999. Inside West Virginia: Public Policy Perspectives for the 21 st Century. Morgantown: West Virginia University Press. 284 pp.

Kiffmeyer, Thomas J. 1998. “From Self-Help to Sedition: The Appalachian Volunteers in Eastern Kentucky, 1964-1970” [Pike Co.]. The Journal of Southern History 64 (February): 65-94.

Kim, Josh Masnick, and F. Carson Mencken. 1999. “Household and Local Labor Market Determinants of Economic Well-Being in the State of West Virginia: A Multi-Level Analysis” [tables]. In Inside West Virginia: Public Policy Perspectives for the 21 st Century, eds. B. Keith and R. Althouse, 59-85. Morgantown: West Virginia University Press.

Kleiner, Brian, Kimberley Raue, Gary Silverstein, Robyn Bell, and John Wells. 2004. Evaluation of The Appalachian Regional Commission’s Community Capacity-Building Projects [100 projects funded by ARC, 1995-2003]. Report prepared by WESTAT (Rockville, Md.). Washington, D.C.: Appalachian Regional Commission, Online Resource Center. http://arc.gov/index.do?nodeId=2279.

Latimer, Melissa, and F. Carson Mencken. 2003. “Socioeconomic Trends in Mining-Dependent Counties in Appalachia” [map; tables]. In Communities of Work: Rural Restructuring in Local and Global Contexts, eds. W. Falk, M. Schulman, and A. Tickamyer, 79-103. Athens: Ohio University Press.

Liston, Linda. 1997. “Southern Ohio: A Workable Solution” [industrial siting, development, labor, resource directory]. Site Selection 42 (June/July):supplement, Southern Ohio, 1-16.

Lobao, Linda, Lawrence A. Brown, and Jon Moore. 2003. “Old Industrial Regions and the Political Economy of Development” [Ohio River Valley, 1970s-90s]. In Communities of Work: Rural Restructuring in Local and Global Contexts, eds. W. Falk, M. Schulman, and A. Tickamyer, 3-30. Athens: Ohio University Press.

Lukens, Robert D. 1997. “The New South on Display: The Appalachian Expositions of 1910 and 1911" [Knoxville]. Journal of East Tennessee History 69: 1-28.

Maggard, Sally Ward. 1994. “From the Farm to Coal Camp to Back Office and McDonald’s: Living in the Midst of Appalachia’s Latest Transformation.” In Appalachian Adaptations to a Changing World, ed. Norma Myers. Journal of the Appalachian Studies Association 6: 14-38. Johnson City: East Tennessee State University, Center for Appalachian Studies and Services.

Marchioni, Michael P., and Lon Slone Felker. 1996. "Local Economic Development: Panacea or Prevarication?" Journal of Appalachian Studies 2 (Spring): 149-157.

Martin, C. Bren. 1994. “From Golden Cornfields to Golden Arches: The Economic and Cultural Evolution of Pigeon Forge, Tennessee.” In Appalachian Adaptations to a Changing World, ed. Norma Myers. Journal of the Appalachian Studies Association 6: 163-172. Johnson City: East Tennessee State University, Center for Appalachian Studies and Services.

McCall, Pete. 2000. “UMWA: Bridging the Gap...Lifting Families Out of Poverty [welfare, health, retirement funds]. United Mine Workers Journal 111 (May-June): 6-9.

McDaniel, Lynda. 2001. “Always Leading the Way” [profiles Gayle Faulkner Lawson (b. 1915), Harlan Co., Ky., community service leader]. Appalachia: Journal of the Appalachian Regional Commission 34 (May-August): 33-37.

McDaniel, Lynda. 2001. “Ecotourism Takes Off in the ‘Heart of Appalachia’” [Va.; Heart of Appalachia Tourism Authority]. Appalachia: Journal of the Appalachian Regional Commission 34 (May-August): 16-21.

McDaniel, Lynda. 2001. “It’s All About People” [profiles Denise Schlegel, director of VISION, Schuylkill Co., Pa., -- a community based effort to improve quality of life]. Appalachia: Journal of the Appalachian Regional Commission 34 (January-April): 34-38.

McDaniel, Lynda. 2002. “The Main Street Approach to Revitalizing Communities” [Cumberland, Md.]. Appalachia: Journal of the Appalachian Regional Commission 34 (January-December): 16-21.

McDaniel, Lynda. 2002. “Using Our Strengths: The Grassroots Leadership of Becky Anderson” [entrepreneurial assistance; Western N.C.]. Appalachia: Journal of the Appalachian Regional Commission 34 (January-December): 34-38.

McGraw, Dan. 1996. "Signs of Hope in Appalachia: Despite Poverty, the Region Starts to Deliver Growth." [sampling of high technology growth] U.S. News & World Report May 6: 62-63.

McKenzie, Robert Tracy. 1994. "Wealth and Income: The Preindustrial Structure of East Tennessee in 1860." Appalachian Journal 21 (Spring): 260-279.

McKenzie, Robert Tracy. 1994. One South or Many? Plantation Belt and Upcountry in Civil War-Era Tennessee. New York: Cambridge University Press. 216 pp.

McKinney, Gordon. 1999. Review essay of Worlds Apart: Why Poverty Persists in Rural America, by Cynthia M. Duncan (New Haven: Yale University Press). In Appalachian Heritage 27 (Fall): 76-81.

Mellon, Steve. 2002. After the Smoke Clears: Struggling to Get By in Rustbelt America [photo-essay case studies: Homestead and Braddock, Pa.; Matewan, W.Va.]. Pittsburgh, Pa.: University of Pittsburgh Press. 136 pp.

Mencken, F. Carson, and Sally Ward Maggard. 1999. “Informal Economic Activity in West Virginia: A Descriptive and Multivariate Analysis” [tables]. In Inside West Virginia: Public Policy Perspectives for the 21 st Century, eds. B. Keith and R. Althouse, 87-106. Morgantown: West Virginia University Press.

Mencken, F. Carson. 1996. "Income and Employment Change in Appalachia during the 1983-1988 Business Cycle Recovery: Locating Differential Effects in North Central, and Southern Appalachia." Journal of Appalachian Studies 2 (Spring): 77-85.

Mencken, F. Carson. 1997. “A Study of the Region: Regional Differences in Socioeconomic Well-Being in Appalachia” [from census data: 399 counties]. Sociological Focus 30 (February): 79-97.

Mencken, F. Carson. 1998. “Persistent Differences in Well-Being Between Appalachian Subregions” [corrects his 1997 findings (below) for spatial autocorrelation and finds results unchanged; tables; figures]. Growth and Change 29 (Fall): 469-479.

Mencken, F. Carson. 2000. “Federal Spending and Economic Growth in Appalachian Counties” [1983-1988]. Rural Sociology 65 (March): 126-147.

Mencken, F. Carson. 2000. “Right-To-Work Laws and Local Economic Growth: Recent Evidence from Appalachia” [399 cos.; since 1980; no overall advantage detected]. Sociological Focus 33 (February): 79-94.

Miewald, Christiana E. 2001. “National Myths, State Policy, and Community-Directed Media: Representational Politics and the Reconfiguration of Welfare” [Appalachian region; mass media]. Urban Geography 22 (July 1-August 15): 424-439.

Miewald, Christiana. 2003. “Making Experience Count in Policy Creation: Lessons from Appalachian Kentucky” [low-income mothers; welfare reform; Kentucky Transitional Assistance Program]. In Rediscovering the Other America: The Continuing Crisis of Poverty and Inequality in the United States, eds. K. Kilty and E. Segal, 163-181. New York: Howarth Press. Co-published simultaneously as Journal of Poverty vol. 7, nos. 1-2, 2003.

Moore, Tyrel G. 1998. “A Southern West Virginia Mining Community Revisited” [McDowell and Wyoming Cos.; compares 1930s to 1990s]. Southeastern Geographer 38 (May): 1-21.

Myers, Norma, ed. 1994. Appalachian Adaptations to a Changing World [Journal of the Appalachian Studies Association, vol. 6]. Johnson City: East Tennessee State University, Center for Appalachian Studies and Services. 172 pp.

Obermiller, Phillip J., and William W. Philliber, eds. 1994. Appalachia in an International Context: Cross-National Comparisons of Developing Regions. New York: Praeger. 264 pp.

Oden, Michael, and Sharon Strover, with Nobuya Inagaki and Chris Lucas. “2004 Update of Links to the Future [2002]: The Role of Information and Telecommunications Technology In Appalachian Economic Development.” Washington, D.C.: Appalachian Regional Commission, Online Resource Center. 32 pp. http://arc.gov/index.do?nodeId=2256.

Orr, Douglas M., Jr., and Alfred W. Stuart, eds. 2000. The North Carolina Atlas: Portrait for a New Century. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press. 461 pp.

Patrick, Kevin J., and Joseph L. Scarpaci, eds. 2000. A Geographic Perspective of Pittsburgh and the Alleghenies: From Precambrian to Post-Industrial [26 short papers; Western Pa.]. Prepared for the 96 th Annual Meeting of the Association of American Geographers, April 4-8, 2000, Pittsburgh, Pa. Washington, D.C.: Association of American Geographers. 208 pp.

Petzinger, Thomas, Jr. 1997. “June Holley Brings a Touch of Italy to Appalachian Effort” [Athens, Ohio; Appalachian Center for Economic Networks; marketing cooperative]. Wall Street Journal 24 October, B1.

Plaut, Thomas, and Susan Emley Keefe. 1999. People, Politics and Economic Life: Exploring Appalachia with Qualitative Methods. Second edition. Dubuque, Iowa: Kendall/Hunt in cooperation with Appalachian Consortium Press. 149 pp.

Porter, Rob, and Michael A. Tarrant. 2001. “A Case Study of Environmental Justice and Federal Tourism Sites in Southern Appalachia: A GIS Application” [inequalities for socioeconomic and racial groups]. Journal of Travel Research 40 (August): 27-40.

Pudup, Mary Beth. 1994. "Waiting for the Revolution." Appalachian Journal 21 (Winter): 172-181.

Salstrom, Paul, and Steve Hollenhorst. 1994. "Increasing Dependency and the Touristization Rag." Appalachian Journal 21 (Summer): 410-420.

Salstrom, Paul. 1994. Appalachia's Path to Dependency: Rethinking a Region's Economic History, 1730-1940. Lexington: University Press of Kentucky. 204 pp.

Salstrom, Paul. 1996. "Appalachia's Informal Economy and the Transition to Capitalism." Journal of Appalachian Studies 2 (Fall): 213-233.

Salstrom, Paul. 1997. “The Bucks Start Here: Alternative Currencies and the Coming Welfare Disaster.” Appalachian Journal 25 (Fall): 84-97.

Salstrom, Paul. 2004. “The Great Depression.” In High Mountains Rising: Appalachia in Time and Place, eds. R. Straw and H. Blethen, 74-87. Urbana: University of Illinois Press.

Santopietro, George D. 2002. “Analyzing Income Convergence at the County Level: The Case of Development in Central Appalachia” [Va., W.Va., Ky.; 1969-97]. Journal of Economic Issues 36 (December): 893-906.

Sarnoff, Susan. 2003. “Central Appalachia—Still the Other America” [celebrates 40 th anniversary of Michael Harrington’s The Other America (1962)]. In Rediscovering the Other America: The Continuing Crisis of Poverty and Inequality in the United States, eds. K. Kilty and E. Segal, 123-139. New York: Howarth Press. Co-published simultaneously as Journal of Poverty, vol. 7, nos. 1-2, 2003.

Schumann, William R., and Carwyn Fowler. 2002. “Globalization, Identity, and Activism in Appalachia and Wales: Comparing the Political Economy of Representation in Two Marginal ‘Regions’.” Journal of Appalachian Studies 8 (Fall): 333-361.

Scorsone, Eric A. 2003. “Economic Progress in Appalachian Kentucky Communities” [tables, maps]. Journal of Appalachian Studies 9 (Fall): 272-292.

Sessions, Jim. 1999. Review essay of Worlds Apart: Why Poverty Persists in Rural America, by Cynthia M. Duncan (New Haven: Yale University Press). In Appalachian Journal 27 (Fall): 99-104.

Seufert, Robert L., and Mark A. Carrozza. 2004. “Economic Advances and Disadvantages in Appalachia: Occupation, Labor Force Participation, and Unemployment” [figures; 2000 Census]. Journal of Appalachian Studies 10, no. 3: 331-339.

Shapira, Philip, and Terance Rephann. 1996. "The Adoption of New Technology in West Virginia: Implications for Manufacturing Modernization Policies." Environment and Planning C: Government and Policy 14 (November): 431-450.

Shumway, J. Matthew, and Samuel M. Otterstrom. 2002. “Spatial Patterns of Migration and Income Change in Pennsylvania Counties.” Pennsylvania Geographer 40 (Spring/Summer): 83-102.

Sinclair, Dean. 2004. “‘Some Maps and a Lot Of Trouble’: Town Planner John Nolen in South Carolina” [Spartanburg and Columbia]. South Carolina Historical Magazine 105 (October): 258-281.

Smith, Barbara Ellen. 1999. “Legends of the Fall: Contesting Economic History” [Big Ridge, Alleghany Co., Va.]. In Christianity in Appalachia: Profiles in Regional Pluralism, ed. B. Leonard, 1-17. Knoxville: University of Tennessee Press.

Spaid, Elizabeth Levitan. 1997. “True Test of Welfare Reform Lies in Appalachia” [Prestonburg, Floyd Co., Ky.; comments of Ron Eller, director of the Appalachian Center at the University of Kentucky]. Christian Science Monitor 2 October, 4.

Symposium on The Road to Poverty: The Making of Wealth and Hardship in Appalachia, by Dwight B. Billings and Kathleen M. Blee, New York: Cambridge University Press, 2000. 2000. Ronald L. Lewis, “A New Paradigm for Poverty,” 9-14; Mary Beth Pudup, “The Road from Exceptionalism,” 14-20; Stephan Weiler, “The Unexceptional Economics of Appalachia,” 20-25; David Walls, “Which Way to the Road out of Poverty?” 25-28; “The Authors’ Response,” 29-33. In Journal of Appalachian Studies 6 nos. 1-2 (Spring/Fall): 9-34.

Taul, Glen. 1996. "Creating Communities of Hope in Eastern Kentucky." [state's strategic plan] Now and Then: The Appalachian Magazine 13 (Summer): 33-

Taylor, Stephen Wallace. 2001. The New South’s New Frontier: A Social History of Economic Development in Southwestern North Carolina. Foreword by John David Smith. New Perspectives on the History of the South. Gainesville: University Press of Florida. 186 pp.

Telecommunications and the Future of Appalachian Communities. 2003. Special issue. Appalachia: Journal of the Appalachian Regional Commission 36 (July-December): 1-40.

This Land Is Home to Me: A Pastoral Letter on Powerlessness in Appalachia . 25 th anniversary edition [photo essay; signed by 24 Catholic bishops]. 1999. Edited by Edwin Daschbach and Anna Jean Maddox Rogucki. Techny, Ill.: Society of the Divine Word. 156 pp.

Thomas, Jerry Bruce. 1998. “‘Please Tell the President...Only an Absolute Dictatorship Will Save Us’: Lorena Hickok Reports on the Great Depression in West Virginia, August 1933" [transcripts of four letters to Eleanor Roosevelt on conditions in W.Va.]. West Virginia History 57: 135-161.

Thompson, J. W. 2002. “A Natural Death” [Ramsey Creek ecocemetery, Westminster, S.C.; “green” woodland burials]. Landscape Architecture 92 (October): 74-79, 134-137.

Thorne, Deborah, Ann Tickamyer, and Mark Thorne. 2004. “Poverty and Income in Appalachia” [trends; tables: 1989, 1999; gender inequality]. Journal of Appalachian Studies 10, no. 3: 341-357.

Tickamyer, Ann, Julie White, Barry Tadlock, and Debra Henderson. 2000. “Where All the Counties Are Above Average: Top Down versus Bottom Up Perspectives on Welfare Reform” [29 Ohio Cos.; table]. Paper prepared for Rural Dimensions of Welfare Reform: A Research Conference on Rural Poverty, Welfare, and Food Assistance, Washington, D.C., May 5, 2000. Evanston and Chicago, Ill.: Joint Center for Poverty Research. 29 pp. http://www.jcpr.org/wp/wpprofile.cfm?id=197.

Tickamyer, Ann R., and Teresa A. Wood. 2003. “The Social and Economic Context of Informal Work” [1994 Kentucky Survey; tables]. In Communities of Work: Rural Restructuring in Local and Global Contexts, eds. W. Falk, M. Schulman, and A. Tickamyer, 394-418. Athens: Ohio University Press.

Tickamyer, Ann R., Debra A. Henderson, Julie Anne White, and Barry L. Tadlock. 2000. “Voices of Welfare Reform: Bureaucratic Rationality Versus the Perceptions of Welfare Participants” [four Appalachian Ohio counties]. Affilia 15 (Summer): 173-192.

Turner, John. 1994. “High Country Hunger: Adapting to Less Food Assistance.” In Appalachian Adaptations to a Changing World, ed. Norma Myers. Journal of the Appalachian Studies Association 6: 48-58. Johnson City: East Tennessee State University, Center for Appalachian Studies and Services.

Twiss, Pamela C., and Thomas R. Mueller. 2004. “Housing Appalachians: Recent Trends” [problems; 2000 Census; tables, maps]. Journal of Appalachian Studies 10, no. 3: 389-406.

U.S. House. 1998. Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure. Subcommittee on Public Buildings and Economic Development. Reauthorization of the Economic Development Administration and the Appalachian Regional Commission: Hearings Before the Subcommittee on Public Buildings and Economic Development of the Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure. 105 th Cong., 1 st sess. 10 and 17 July, 1997. 258 pp.

Ulack, Richard, Karl Raitz, and Gyula Pauer, eds. 1998. Atlas of Kentucky [census-based; 1000 thematic maps, charts, graphs, tables, photos]. Lexington: University Press of Kentucky. 336 pp.

Weiler, Stephan. 1997. “The Economics of the Struggling Structurally Unemployed” [W.Va.]. Journal of Appalachian Studies 3 (Spring): 71-97.

Weiler, Stephan. 2000. “Industrial Structure and Unemployment in Regional Labor Markets” [W.Va.’s 55 cos.; 1981-92]. Industrial Relations 39 (April): 336-359.

Weinbaum, Eve S. 2004. To Move a Mountain: Fighting the Global Economy in Appalachia [Tenn. plant closings; social justice activism]. New York: New Press. 340 pp.

Weisbrod, Glen, Teresa Lynch, and Margaret Collins. 2004. “Handbook: Assessing Local Economic Development Opportunities with ARC-LEAP, Appalachian Regional Commission Local Economic Assessment Package.” Prepared by the Economic Development Research Group, Inc. Washington, D.C.: Appalachian Regional Commission, Online Resource Center. 35 pp. http://arc.gov/images/reports/arcleap/ARC-LEAP_Handbook.pdf.

Weise, Robert S. 2001. “New Towns for Red Bird, Kentucky: Isolation and Civic Society in Twentieth Century Discussions of Appalachian Poverty” [1960s; Leslie Co.; Council of the Southern Mountains]. Journal of Appalachian Studies 7 (Fall): 273-284.

Weise, Robert S. 2001. Grasping at Independence: Debt, Male Authority, and Mineral Rights in Appalachian Kentucky, 1850-1915. Knoxville: University of Tennessee Press. 374 pp.

Whisnant, David E. 1994. Modernizing the Mountaineer: People, Power, and Planning in Appalachia. Rev. ed. Knoxville: University of Tennessee Press. 336 pp.

Whitaker, Stephen Paul. 2000. “A New Wave of Colonization: The Economics of the Tourism and Travel Industry in Appalachian Kentucky” [tables]. Journal of Appalachian Studies 6 nos. 1-2 (Spring/Fall): 35-48.

White, Connie. 1994. “Fighting Back in Appalachia: Reports from the Front Plenary Session--Appalachian Studies Conference.” In Appalachian Adaptations to a Changing World, ed. Norma Myers. Journal of the Appalachian Studies Association 6: 5-13. Johnson City: East Tennessee State University, Center for Appalachian Studies and Services.

White, Julie, Ann R. Tickamyer, Debra A. Henderson, and Barry Tadlock. 2003. “Does Welfare to Work Work?: Rural Employers Comment.” In Communities of Work: Rural Restructuring in Local and Global Contexts, eds. W. Falk, M. Schulman, and A. Tickamyer, 240-264. Athens: Ohio University Press.

Wolensky, Kenneth. 1997. “Diamonds & Coal” [Wilkes-Barre, Pa., economic transformation]. Now and Then: The Appalachian Magazine 14 (Winter): 20-24.

Wolfe, Margaret Ripley. 2003. “Eastern Kentucky and the War on Poverty: Grass-Roots Activism, Regional Politics, and Creative Federalism in the Appalachian South during the 1960s.” Ohio Valley History 3 (Spring): 31-44.

Wood, Lawrence E. 2001. “From Theory to Implementation: An Analysis of the Appalachian Regional Commission’s Growth Center Policy.” Environment and Planning 33 (March): 551-565.

Woodside, Jane Harris. 1996. "De-Mobilizing Appalachia." Now and Then: The Appalachian Magazine 13 (Summer): 8-14.

Zhou, Bin, and Wendy Shaw. 2000. “An Empirical Study of Institutional Characteristics of Regional Financial Markets: Evidence from Rural Kentucky” [banks; money supply]. Southeastern Geographer 40 (November): 209-224.